In the design and manufacture of rolling bearings, generally follow the following principles for selection of bearing materials.
According to a selection of bearing working conditions 1 working temperature Bearing working at normal temperature, the chromium bearing steel. Working temperature is higher than 150 ℃ below 250 ℃ using chromium bearing steel, but to go through a special heat treatment (200 ℃ or 300 ℃ tempering).
2 under impact load Bearing a strong impact load, generally do not use chromium bearing steel, carburizing steels, most high-quality shock resistant tool steel or hardened and tempered steel. The 3 contact medium Bearings for use in corrosive media must use with good resistance to corrosion resistant steel or alloy steel corrosion of manufacturing.
Two. According to the structure type bearing selection Bearing structure more complicated parts, such as the outer ring with mounting flange, the impact load and high, should adopt the processing properties of carbon steel with good stamping needle roller bearing outer ring; the 08 and 10 low carbon steel (plastic, suitable for cold stamping processing); swing mechanism or manipulate the joint bearing mechanism, can be used with excellent cold plastic deformation properties of GCr15, 9Cr18, 9Cr8Mo and alloy structural steel cold extrusion molding.
Three. According to the selection of bearing fatigue life and reliability requirements Bearing fatigue life and reliability, depends to some extent on the steel purity and microstructure uniformity. For general use occasions, ordinary bearing steel using acidic or alkaline smelting furnace. With the continuous improvement of smelting method, the smelting current remelting, vacuum smelting, electron beam smelting furnace and other new, bearing made of bearing steel by the above methods to make, its life is also improved. Application for the bearing fatigue life and reliability have special requirements, such as railway axlebox bearing, mainshaft bearing of aero engine and navigation system bearing etc..
In addition, in the choice of steel should also consider the processing performance, the steel supply and domestic resources.